Health Related Quality of Life after ECT for depression: A study exploring the role of different electrode-placements and pulse-widths

Author(s)
Verònica Gálvez, Adrienne Li, Cristal Oxley, Susan Waite, Nick De Felice, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Divya Kumar, Andrew C. Page, Geoff Hooke, Colleen K. Loo

Abstract

Introduction

Prior research has shown large improvements in HRQOL after a course of ECT for depression. However, the effect of different types of ECT on HRQOL outcomes has not been explored. This is important due to the considerable range of ECT treatment modalities that currently exist in clinical practice.

Methods

HRQOL data from 355 depressed patients in three Australian clinical hospitals, who received ECT given with a range of treatment modalities (combinations of pulse-width and electrode-placement), were analysed. HRQOL was measured at baseline and after ECT, using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF). The association between type of ECT and HRQOL after ECT was examined by regression analysis, controlling for variables that may affect HRQOL outcomes.

Results

There was a significant increase in HRQOL scores after ECT (p<0.0001; t=−23.4). The magnitude of change was large (54% increase, Cohen's d=1.43). Multiple regression analysis yielded a significant model (P<0.001, R2=0.18). Baseline HRQOL score (t=4.83; p<0.0001), age (t=2.75, p<0.01) and type of ECT received [Right Unilateral brief vs Bitemporal Ultrabrief (t=−2.99; p<0.01) and Right Unilateral brief vs Bifrontal Ultrabrief (t=−2.70; p<0.01)] were significant predictors of HRQOL after the ECT course.

Limitations

Data was collected naturalistically from clinical services, thus ECT modality was not randomly assigned. Site could have confounded results.